{ "verse_id": "13.5", "mūla": { "devanāgarī": "महा-भूतान्य् अहंकारो बुद्धिर् अव्यक्तम् एव च | इन्द्रियाणि दशैकं च पञ्च चेन्द्रिय-गोचराः", "iast": "mahā-bhūtāny ahaṃkāro buddhir avyaktam eva ca | indriyāṇi daśaikaṃ ca pañca cendriya-gocarāḥ", "chapter_position": "Chapter 13 (Kṣetra-Kṣetrajña-Vibhāga-Yoga (The Yoga of Distinction Between Field and Field-Knower)), verse 5", "speaker": "Krishna", "addressed_to": "Arjuna" }, "word_by_word": [ { "surface_form": "mahābhūtāni", "lemma": "mahābhūta", "grammar": "nominative neuter plural noun", "senses_attested_in_panel": [], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "महाभूतानि" }, { "surface_form": "ahaṃkāraḥ", "lemma": "ahaṃkāra", "grammar": "nominative masculine singular noun", "senses_attested_in_panel": [], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "अहंकारः" }, { "surface_form": "buddhiḥ", "lemma": "buddhi", "grammar": "nominative feminine singular noun", "senses_attested_in_panel": [], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "बुद्धिः" }, { "surface_form": "avyaktam", "lemma": "avyakta", "grammar": "nominative neuter singular noun", "senses_attested_in_panel": [ { "sense": "एव च इति क्षेत्रारम्भकद्रव्याणि, पृथिव्यप्तेजोवाय्वाकाशमहाभूतानि, अहंकारो भूतादिः, बुद्धिः महान्, अव्यक्तं प्रकृतिः। इन", "school": "viśiṣṭādvaita", "weight": 0.8, "witnesses": [ "ramanuja" ] } ], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "अव्यक्तम्" }, { "surface_form": "eva", "lemma": "eva", "grammar": "", "senses_attested_in_panel": [], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "एव" }, { "surface_form": "ca", "lemma": "ca", "grammar": "", "senses_attested_in_panel": [], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "च" }, { "surface_form": "indriyāṇi", "lemma": "indriya", "grammar": "nominative neuter plural noun", "senses_attested_in_panel": [ { "sense": "दश एकं", "school": "viśiṣṭādvaita", "weight": 0.8, "witnesses": [ "ramanuja" ] } ], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "इन्द्रियाणि" }, { "surface_form": "daśa", "lemma": "daśan", "grammar": "nominative neuter singular noun", "senses_attested_in_panel": [], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "दश" }, { "surface_form": "ekam", "lemma": "eka", "grammar": "nominative neuter singular noun", "senses_attested_in_panel": [], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "एकम्" }, { "surface_form": "ca", "lemma": "ca", "grammar": "", "senses_attested_in_panel": [], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "च" }, { "surface_form": "pañca", "lemma": "pañcan", "grammar": "nominative neuter singular noun", "senses_attested_in_panel": [ { "sense": "च इन्द्रियगोचराः, इति क्षेत्राश्रितानि तत्त्वानि, श्रोत्रत्वक्चक्षुर्जिह्वाघ्राणानि पञ्च ज्ञानेन्द्रियाणि वाक्पाणिपादपा", "school": "viśiṣṭādvaita", "weight": 0.8, "witnesses": [ "ramanuja" ] } ], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "पञ्च" }, { "surface_form": "ca", "lemma": "ca", "grammar": "", "senses_attested_in_panel": [], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "च" }, { "surface_form": "indriya", "lemma": "indriya", "grammar": "compound (compound member)", "senses_attested_in_panel": [], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "इन्द्रिय" }, { "surface_form": "gocarāḥ", "lemma": "gocara", "grammar": "nominative masculine plural noun", "senses_attested_in_panel": [], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "गोचराः" } ], "intertextual_panel": [ { "verse": "7.4", "type": "long-distance thematic echo", "score": 0.9355, "feature_breakdown": { "cosine": 0.8555, "theme_graph": 2.0, "vocative": 0.0, "substring": 0.0, "lemma_overlap": 11.0385, "stem_prefix": 6.0 } }, { "verse": "13.8", "type": "near-cluster echo", "score": 0.9154, "feature_breakdown": { "cosine": 0.8554, "theme_graph": 0.0, "vocative": 0.0, "substring": 0.0, "lemma_overlap": 7.4886, "stem_prefix": 6.0 } }, { "verse": "2.41", "type": "long-distance thematic echo", "score": 0.9135, "feature_breakdown": { "cosine": 0.8535, "theme_graph": 1.0, "vocative": 0.0, "substring": 0.0, "lemma_overlap": 9.914, "stem_prefix": 5.0 } }, { "verse": "10.20", "type": "shared-vocabulary echo", "score": 0.9114, "feature_breakdown": { "cosine": 0.8614, "theme_graph": 0.0, "vocative": 0.0, "substring": 0.0, "lemma_overlap": 7.196, "stem_prefix": 5.0 } }, { "verse": "18.31", "type": "cross-chapter thematic parallel", "score": 0.9055, "feature_breakdown": { "cosine": 0.8355, "theme_graph": 1.0, "vocative": 0.0, "substring": 0.0, "lemma_overlap": 7.9425, "stem_prefix": 6.0 } }, { "verse": "10.4", "type": "cross-chapter thematic parallel", "score": 0.905, "feature_breakdown": { "cosine": 0.845, "theme_graph": 1.0, "vocative": 0.0, "substring": 0.0, "lemma_overlap": 7.65, "stem_prefix": 5.0 } }, { "verse": "12.13", "type": "lemma-family resonance", "score": 0.9049, "feature_breakdown": { "cosine": 0.8449, "theme_graph": 0.0, "vocative": 0.0, "substring": 0.0, "lemma_overlap": 9.111, "stem_prefix": 6.0 } }, { "verse": "12.4", "type": "cross-chapter thematic parallel", "score": 0.9034, "feature_breakdown": { "cosine": 0.8534, "theme_graph": 1.0, "vocative": 0.0, "substring": 0.0, "lemma_overlap": 9.1005, "stem_prefix": 4.0 } } ], "doctrinal_projections": { "advaita": { "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)", "key_cross_references": [], "witness_passages": [ "shankara_13.6", "anandgiri_13.5" ], "score": 0.5, "english_rendering": "The mahā-bhūta (great elements) are the subtle ones, called great because they pervade all their products, the gross ones being counted later as objects of the senses; ahaṃkāra (the I-maker), marked by the notion 'I', is their cause, buddhi (intellect), marked by determination, is its cause, and its cause is the avyakta (unmanifest), the undifferentiated power of the Lord, 'my māyā, hard to cross'. The word 'eva' fixes prakṛti as eightfold and no more; then the ten senses, five that produce knowing and five that do work, the one, mind, the eleventh, made of intending, and the five objects of the senses, sound and the rest. These the Sāṅkhya school calls the twenty-four tattva (principles).", "divergence_note": "Śaṅkara (his 13.6) identifies the avyakta with the Lord's power, māyā (citing 7.14), not with an independent pradhāna, and takes the great elements as subtle. He attributes the count of twenty-four to the Sāṅkhya without endorsing their metaphysics. Madhusūdana spells this Upaniṣad-versus-Sāṅkhya contrast out at length.", "commentator": "Shankaracharya" }, "viśiṣṭādvaita": { "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)", "key_cross_references": [], "witness_passages": [ "ramanuja_13.5", "vedantadeshika_13.6" ], "score": 0.5, "english_rendering": "The great elements, ahaṃkāra, buddhi and the avyakta are the kṣetrārambhaka-dravya (substances that build the field): earth, water, fire, air and space; ahaṃkāra, called bhūtādi (origin of the elements); buddhi, called mahat (the great); and avyakta, which is prakṛti (primal matter). The ten senses, the one and the five objects are the tattva (principles) that rest in the field: hearing, touch, sight, taste and smell, the five senses of knowing; speech, hands, feet, the organs of excretion and generation, the five of action; the one is mind; and the objects are sound, touch, form, taste and smell.", "divergence_note": "Rāmānuja (his 13.5) sorts the list into two kinds: substances that make up the field and principles that are housed in it. The avyakta is plainly prakṛti, real primal matter, with no mention of māyā, against Śaṅkara and Madhusūdana.", "commentator": "Ramanujacharya" }, "dvaita": { "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)", "key_cross_references": [], "witness_passages": [ "madhva_13.6", "jayatirtha_13.6" ], "score": 0.5, "english_rendering": "The great elements, the I-maker, intellect and the unmanifest; the ten senses and the one, and the five fields of the senses.", "divergence_note": "ABSENT. The supplied Madhva text reads 'Sri Madhvacharya did not comment on this sloka.' The rendering is the mūla only; no Dvaita interpretation is supplied or attempted. Jayatīrtha's Prameyadīpikā is also silent on this verse.", "commentator": "Madhvacharya" }, "śuddhādvaita": { "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)", "key_cross_references": [], "witness_passages": [ "vallabha_13.6" ], "score": 0.5, "english_rendering": "What substance is that field? It is the gross body made of the great elements. And what is it like? It is the āśraya (support) of ahaṃkāra, buddhi and mahat, of the eleven senses and their objects, of the liṅga-śarīra (subtle body) and the subtle elements.", "divergence_note": "TERSE. Vallabha (his 13.6) reads the verse as answering the 'what' and 'what like' of 13.3: the field as substance is the gross elemental body, and that body houses the rest, including the subtle body. Listing buddhi and mahat separately differs from Rāmānuja and Śrīdhara, who identify them.", "provenance": "siddhānta_reconstruction", "commentator": "Vallabhacharya" }, "bhakti": { "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)", "key_cross_references": [], "witness_passages": [ "sridhara_13.6" ], "score": 0.5, "english_rendering": "Now the nature of the field, in two verses: the great elements, earth and the rest, five; ahaṃkāra their cause; buddhi, the mahat-tattva (great principle) whose nature is understanding; the avyakta, the mūla-prakṛti (root nature). The ten outer senses, ear, skin, nose, eye, tongue, speech, arms, genitals, feet and anus; the one, mind; and the five objects of the senses, which are the subtle tanmātra (subtle elements) themselves, sound and the rest, manifest as the special qualities of space and the other elements. So the twenty-four principles have been stated.", "divergence_note": "Śrīdhara (his 13.6) gives the standard twenty-four, taking avyakta as root prakṛti without the māyā identification Śaṅkara makes. His distinctive point is that the sense-objects are the tanmātra become manifest as qualities of the gross elements.", "commentator": "Sridhara Svami" }, "advaita-bhakti": { "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)", "key_cross_references": [], "witness_passages": [ "madhusudan_13.6" ], "score": 0.5, "english_rendering": "In Sāṅkhya terms: five great elements; ahaṃkāra, marked by self-assertion, their cause; buddhi, the mahat marked by determination, its cause; the avyakta, pradhāna made of sattva, rajas and tamas, cause of all and effect of none; ten senses, one mind and five objects. But for those of the Upaniṣad, avyakta is the undifferentiated, indescribable māyā, the Lord's own power; buddhi is the īkṣaṇa (seeing) at the start of creation, 'it saw'; ahaṃkāra is the resolve that follows, 'may I be many'; and the elements arise in the order of śruti (scripture), space, air, fire, water, earth. This view is the better one, since the Sāṅkhya avyakta, mahat and ahaṃkāra are not accepted by the Upaniṣad, being 'not scriptural'.", "divergence_note": "Madhusūdana (his 13.6) gives two readings and chooses: the Sāṅkhya account (pradhāna of three qualities) and the Upaniṣad account, in which buddhi and ahaṃkāra are cosmic events, the creator's first seeing and his resolve to multiply, and avyakta is indescribable māyā. He declares the second better, citing the Brahma-sūtra rejection of pradhāna. This makes the list a creation sequence, where Rāmānuja makes it an inventory of real substances.", "commentator": "Madhusudan Sarasvati" } }, "prosodic_information": { "meter": "anuṣṭubh", "meter_shift_from_previous": false, "meter_shift_to_next": false, "pragmatic_context": { "vocative": "", "preceding_question": "", "following_response": "" } }, "theme_list_memberships": [ { "list": "अव्यक्त", "role": "supporting", "other_verses_in_list": [ "1.1", "2.25", "2.28", "7.24", "8.18", "8.21", "9.4", "12.1", "12.3", "12.5" ] }, { "list": "अव्यक्तम्", "role": "supporting", "other_verses_in_list": [ "12.1", "12.3", "12.4", "12.5" ] }, { "list": "अहंकार", "role": "supporting", "other_verses_in_list": [ "3.27", "7.4", "7.5", "16.18" ] }, { "list": "इन्द्रियाणि", "role": "supporting", "other_verses_in_list": [ "2.60", "3.7", "3.40", "3.42", "5.8", "5.9" ] }, { "list": "बुद्धि", "role": "supporting", "other_verses_in_list": [ "2.19", "2.39", "2.41", "2.44", "2.49", "2.50", "2.51", "2.52", "2.53", "2.63", "2.65", "2.66", "3.1", "3.2", "3.3", "3.26", "3.40", "3.42", "4.18", "5.17", "5.20", "5.28", "6.9", "6.21", "6.43", "7.4", "7.5", "7.10", "8.7", "10.4", "10.10", "12.8", "12.14", "15.20", "18.16", "18.17", "18.30", "18.31", "18.32", "18.37", "18.49", "18.57" ] } ], "audit_trail": { "substrate_version": "v2.6-frozen", "fitted_weights": { "a": 1.0, "b": 0.01, "e_v": 0.005, "z": 0.2, "h": 0.0, "th": 0.01 }, "corpus_provenance": { "mūla": "Belvalkar critical edition (BORI 1947), via Ambuda multi-witness", "panel_witnesses": [ "bg-mula", "bg-shankara", "bg-ramanuja", "bg-madhva", "bg-vedantadeshika", "bg-vallabha", "bg-jayatirtha", "bg-anandgiri", "bg-sridhara", "bg-madhusudan" ] }, "extraction_date": "2026-04-21", "score_methodology_documented_at": "Paper 1, Section II.B", "word_by_word_parser": "ByT5-Sanskrit-multitask (Nehrdich/Hellwig/Keutzer EMNLP 2024)", "post_generation_repairs": [ { "kind": "qmark_artifact_repair", "applied_at": "2026-05-08T01:56:14.902034Z", "applied_by": "summon-web/scripts/repair_qmark_artifacts.py", "n_senses_repaired": 2, "substitution": "? -> ,", "root_cause": "ITRANS '\\,' (literal-comma escape) in sd_bgshankarabhashya.itx corrupted to '?' during upstream HTML pipeline at gitasupersite; propagated through h_c_panel/commentaries/bg_*.jsonl into substrate.", "verification_source": "sonos-paper/samvad_db/sources/sd_bgshankarabhashya.itx" }, { "kind": "ch13_commentary_realignment", "applied_at": "2026-10-23T02:22:33.232449+00:00", "applied_by": "sutrakrit-gita/scripts/merge_ch13_realigned.py", "root_cause": "Chapter 13 commentaries count 35 verses (13.1 = Arjuna's question) but the edition counts 34; payloads paired mūla 13.N with each commentary's 13.N, i.e. the previous verse's bhāṣya for most schools.", "source_verses": { "advaita": "13.6", "viśiṣṭādvaita": "13.5", "dvaita": "13.6", "śuddhādvaita": "13.6", "bhakti": "13.6", "advaita-bhakti": "13.6" } }, { "kind": "ch13_dvaita_jayatirtha", "applied_at": "2026-10-23T02:48:54.530351+00:00", "applied_by": "sutrakrit-gita/scripts/merge_ch13_dvaita_jayatirtha.py", "change": "note records that Jayatirtha is also silent" } ] }, "so_what_questions": [ "If my sense of 'I' is one item on a list of components, what is it a component of?", "Can I list everything that makes me up and still find the one doing the listing?", "Is my ego the producer of my life, or something produced?", "Is my mind really on the same list as my hands and my eyes?", "Why would an ancient text count the senses and their objects like an inventory clerk?", "When I start something new, which comes first: seeing it, or wanting it to grow?" ], "everyday_applications": { "advaita": "A personality test can tell a manager she is an introvert or a 'driver', and it may be accurate. Śaṅkara would put even that deepest temperament on the list of what is known, a power at work in you rather than you. The test describes the equipment, not the one using it.", "viśiṣṭādvaita": "Rāmānuja separates what builds the field from what lives in it. A hospital administrator thinks this way: the building, power and plumbing are one category, the services that run inside are another. Your body too is real material, and your faculties are real capacities housed in it; care for both, in their place.", "dvaita": "Madhva did not comment on this verse, and the honest response is to say so rather than invent a Dvaita lesson. The verse itself is a plain list of what a person is made of, from the elements to the senses and their objects. You can read it as a checklist of what you are not, without a commentator to guide you here.", "śuddhādvaita": "For Vallabha the gross body is the house in which the subtler life, mind and intellect lives. A writer who neglects sleep and food finds the thinking goes too, because the house is failing. Looking after physical routines is looking after the place where everything subtler happens.", "bhakti": "Śrīdhara says the objects you perceive are nature's subtle qualities made visible. The noise of an open-plan office is sound, one of the five, and part of the field, not an attack on you. Naming it as part of the inventory makes it easier to handle it without taking it personally.", "advaita-bhakti": "Madhusūdana reads intellect as the first act of seeing and ego as the resolve 'may I become many'. Every venture repeats this: a founder sees the opportunity, then wants it to multiply. Both the vision and the drive to scale are on the field side, so a founder can use them fully without mistaking them for who he is." }, "primary_meaning": "The field consists of the five great elements, the ego-sense, intellect, and the unmanifest root-matter, along with the ten sense and action organs, mind as the eleventh, and the five objects of sense." }